Excessive water production represents a significant economic and operational burden in the petroleum industry, necessitating sophisticated control measures to mitigate costs associated with water oil separation, scale formation, and equipment corrosion. This investigation characterizes the performance of preformed particle gels (PPG) as a robust chemical water shutoff treatment through comprehensive rheological and swelling kinetics studies. Experimental results demonstrate that PPG viscosity is highly sensitive to concentration; specifically, a twofold increase in concentration (from 2500 to 5500 ppm) results in a tenfold increase in viscosity. The rheological behavior was successfully modeled using the Cross equation, facilitating the derivation of a unified mathematical model that predicts viscosity as a function of concentration and shear rate. Crucially, at a calculated shear rate of 0.14 s⁻¹ based on the assumption that injection velocity is 100 times the reservoir oil movement PPG maintains sufficient viscosity for effective flow diversion. Furthermore, the study explores the influence of agitation and salinity on swelling performance. Stirring was found to accelerate swelling kinetics, shifting the mechanism from Fickian diffusion at zero RPM to a transport dominated mechanism (n ≈ 0.85) due to the simultaneous activation of multiple diffusion pathways. Salinity experiments utilizing KCl and MgCl₂ reveal that divalent cations (Mg²⁺) are significantly more effective at inhibiting swelling than monovalent cations (K⁺) due to charge neutralization of carboxylate groups. Morphological analysis via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) suggests that ions with larger radii obstruct the gel pores, a phenomenon that can be mitigated during synthesis through the introduction of nonionic hydrophilic monomers and pore forming agents such as ethanol or ammonium bicarbonate. Finally, the research identifies diffusion limited aggregation (DLA) as the dominant growth mechanism. Modified DLA models were developed to predict salinity dependent swelling, providing a rigorous framework for optimizing PPG treatments in heterogeneous reservoirs