Iranian Journal of Oil and Gas Science and Technology

Abstract Burning fuel oil presents a significant problem due to the harmful release of sulfur dioxide gases, which contribute to acid rain and environmental damage. Fuel oil contains a sulfur-rich asphaltene component, but the issues associated with burning this fuel oil can be mitigated through solvent deasphalting. This method isolates a portion of the asphaltene, thereby reducing the problems related to fuel oil combustion. In this study, the introduction of Nano-Fe2O3 into the fuel oil improved the efficiency of the solvent deasphalting process by up to 51% under optimal conditions (with a solvent-to-fuel oil ratio of 10 and a 5% weight percentage of Nano-Fe2O3). As a result, the sulfur content in fuel oil decreased from 3.5% to 2.71% by weight, reflecting a 22.5% reduction. Various analyses, including XRD, BET, FESEM, and FTIR, were used to examine the Nano-Fe2O3. Additionally, the Response Surface Method from Design Expert software was employed for statistical analysis and optimization. The experimental design included two numerical variables: the percentage of Nano-Fe2O3 (ranging from 1 to 5% by weight) and the solvent-to-fuel oil ratio (ranging from 5 to 10). The remaining sulfur in fuel oil and the efficiency of the asphaltene separation process were the dependent variables under investigation. Mathematical models were introduced to analyze these output variables, showing a high level of significance in predicting their behavior based on the independent variables, with predicted R2 values of 0.8218 and 0.9843, respectively.

Abstract In this paper, the potentials of using particles, especially nanoparticles, in enhanced oil recovery is investigated. The effect of different nanoparticles on wettability alteration, which is an important method to increase oil recovery from oil-wet reservoirs, is reviewed. The effect of different kinds of particles, namely solid inorganic particles, hydrophilic or hydrophobic nanoparticles, and amphiphilic nanohybrids on emulsion formation (which is cited as a contributing factor in crude oil recovery) and emulsion stability is described. The potential of nanohybrids for simultaneously acting as emulsion stabilizers and transporters for catalytic species of in situ reactions in reservoirs is also reviewed. Finally, the application of nanoparticles in core flooding experiments is classified based on the dominant mechanism which causes an increase in oil recovery from cores. However, the preparation of homogeneous suspensions of nanoparticles is a technical challenge when using nanoparticles in enhanced oil recovery (EOR). Future researches need to focus on finding out the proper functionalities of nanoparticles to improve their stability under harsh conditions of reservoirs.